Defensins

Defensins are small, basic proteins with conserved cysteine residues that form disulfide bridges. Being an integral part of the innate immune system, defensins are antimicrobial and active against many bacteria, fungi, and viruses. These peptides are cationic and interact with the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA and LPS have higher affinity for the defensins than for Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions. The larger defensin molecule displaces the smaller ion, changing the membrane structure and affecting the stability of the membrane; this can lead to the formation of pores and subsequent depolarization or lysis of the invading cell. Defensins can also contribute to the adaptive immune system through chemotaxis of leukocytes. GoldBio offers high-quality, affordable recombinant defensins for research purposes.

Showing 1-11 of 11 items.

DEFB1, Human

Catalog ID Size Pricing
1190-01-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Human beta-defensin 1 (DEFB1) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate and adaptive immune system and is active against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB1 is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is constitutively expressed in epithelial cells, mainly of the kidney and the female reproductive tract, as well as in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. DEFB1 is a cationic peptide and interacts with the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA and LPS have higher affinity for DEFB1 than for Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions. The larger defensin molecule displaces the smaller ion, changing the membrane structure and affecting the stability of the membrane; this can lead to the formation of pores and subsequent depolarization or lysis. The primary role of DEFB1 is believed to be prevention of microbial colonization on epithelia. Inhibition of DEFB1 by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. DEFB1 may also play a role in the pathogenesis of severe sepsis.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1190-01
MW ~5.1 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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1190-01-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB1, Murine

Catalog ID Size Pricing
1390-01-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Murine beta-defensin 1 (DEFB1) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate and adaptive immune systems and is active against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB1 is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is constitutively expressed in epithelial tissue, mainly of the respiratory and genitourinary tract, as well as in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. DEFB1 is a cationic peptide and interacts with the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA and LPS have higher affinity for DEFB1 than for Ca +2 and Mg+2 ions. The larger defensin molecule displaces the smaller ion, changing the membrane structure and affecting the stability of the membrane; this can lead to the formation of pores and subsequent depolarization or lysis. The primary role of DEFB1 is believed to be prevention of microbial colonization on epithelia. Transgenic mice lacking the Defb1 gene showed an increased load of Staphylococcus species in the bladder, suggesting a role for DEFB1 in resistance to urinary tract infection. Inhibition of DEFB1 by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1390-01
MW ~5.2 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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1390-01-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB1, Rat

Catalog ID Size Pricing
1590-01-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Rat beta-defensin 1 (DEFB1) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate and adaptive immune systems and is active against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB1 is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is constitutively expressed in epithelial tissue, mainly of the respiratory and genitourinary tract, as well as in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. DEFB1 is a cationic peptide that disrupts the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The primary role of DEFB1 is believed to be prevention of microbial colonization on epithelia. Inhibition of DEFB1 by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. DEFB1 is abnormally expressed in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats suggesting a role of DEFB1 in diabetic nephropathy.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1590-01
MW ~4.1 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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1590-01-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB103A, Human

Catalog ID Size Pricing
1190-03-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Human beta-defensin 103A (DEFB103A) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate and adaptive immune systems and is active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB103A is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is expressed in epithelial tissue of many organs, heart and skeletal muscle tissue, and leukocytes. Expression of DEFB103A is induced by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL1B and IFNG. DEFB103A is a cationic peptide and interacts with the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA and LPS have higher affinity for DEFB103A than for Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions. The larger defensin molecule displaces the smaller ion, changing the membrane structure and affecting the stability of the membrane; this can lead to the formation of pores and subsequent depolarization or lysis. DEFB103A has been shown to have a greater positive surface charge than DEFB1 or DEFB4A, giving it greater antimicrobial activity. Inhibition of DEFB103A by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1190-03
MW ~5.2 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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1190-03-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB104A, Human

There is no image for DEFB104A, Human DEFB104A, Human
Catalog ID Size Pricing
1190-04-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Human beta-defensin 104A (DEFB104A) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to both the innate and the adaptive immune systems and is active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB104A is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is expressed at highest levels in the testis and stomach, and at lower levels in the uterus, neutrophils, thyroid, lung, and kidney. Expression of DEFB104A is upregulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), as well as in response to infection with gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. DEFB104A is a cationic peptide and interacts with the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA and LPS have higher affinity for DEFB103A than for Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions. The larger defensin molecule displaces the smaller ion, changing the membrane structure and affecting the stability of the membrane; this can lead to the formation of pores and subsequent depolarization or lysis. DEFB104A has been shown to be more active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa than DEFB1, DEFB4A, or DEFB103A. Inhibition of DEFB104A by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1190-04
MW ~6.0 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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1190-04-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB105A, Human

There is no image for DEFB105A, Human DEFB105A, Human
Catalog ID Size Pricing
1190-05-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

No description available

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1190-05
MW ~5.8 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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1190-05-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB2, Murine

There is no image for DEFB2, Murine DEFB2, Murine
Catalog ID Size Pricing
1390-02-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Murine beta-defensin 2 (DEFB2) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate immune system and is active against gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and viruses. It also contributes to the adaptive immune system through recruitment of leukocytes to sites of infection through chemotaxis. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB2 is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is expressed in the epithelia of skin and organs in the genitourinary tract, as well as in monocytes and macrophages. Expression is induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, LPS, and proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL1B and IFNG, and downregulated by the anti-inflammatory steroid dexamethasone. DEFB2 expression is also induced by exposure to low M.W. hyaluronic acid fragments, which is common following inflammation or tissue injury. DEFB2 is a cationic peptide that disrupts the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). In mice that have had the Defb2 gene silenced, inducible NO synthase expression was elevated. DEFB2 works in combination with DEFB3 to contribute to resistance against corneal infection. Inhibition of DEFB2 by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1390-02
MW ~5.5 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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1390-02-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB3, Murine

Catalog ID Size Pricing
1390-03-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Murine beta-defensin 3 (DEFB3) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate and adaptive immune systems and is active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB3 is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is expressed in epithelial tissue of many organs, including the skin and lungs, and in leukocytes. Expression of DEFB3 is induced by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL1B and IFNG. Expression of murine DEFB3 was found to be downregulated in the epidermis by psychological stress due to decreased glucocorticoid production and subsequent decreased defensin-encapsulating lamellar body secretion. DEFB3 is a cationic peptide and interacts with the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA and LPS have higher affinity for DEFB3 than for Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions. The larger defensin molecule displaces the smaller ion, changing the membrane structure and affecting the stability of the membrane; this can lead to the formation of pores and subsequent depolarization or lysis. Inhibition of DEFB3 by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1390-03
MW ~4.6 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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Packs & Pricing
,
1390-03-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB3, Rat

Catalog ID Size Pricing
1590-03-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Rat beta-defensin 3 (DEFB3) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate and adaptive immune systems and is active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB3 is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is expressed in epithelial tissue of many organs, including the skin and lungs, and in leukocytes. Expression of DEFB3 is induced by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL1B and IFNG. Expression of rat DEFB3 was also found to be induced in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by inflammatory diesel exhaust particles. DEFB3 is a cationic peptide that disrupts the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Inhibition of DEFB3 by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1590-03
MW ~4.5 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
View
Packs & Pricing
,
1590-03-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB4, Rat

Catalog ID Size Pricing
1590-04-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Rat beta-defensin 4 (DEFB4) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate immune system and is active against gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and viruses. It also contributes to the adaptive immune system through recruitment of leukocytes to sites of infection through chemotaxis. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB4 is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is expressed in epithelia of many organs, including the lung and skin, as well as in monocytes and macrophages. Expression is induced by proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL1B and IFNG. DEFB4 is a cationic peptide that disrupts the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). DEFB4 stimulates mast cells to induce Ca2+ mobilization, histamine release, and COX-1 mediated prostaglandin D2 release in a G-protein-dependent and phospholipase C-dependent manner. DEFB4 also stimulates cholinergic Ca2+-dependent epithelial Cl- secretion. Inhibition of DEFB4 by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1590-04
MW ~4.4 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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Packs & Pricing
,
1590-04-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

DEFB4A, Human

Catalog ID Size Pricing
1190-02-5 5 μg $ 115.00

Description

Human beta-defensin 4A (DEFB4A) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate immune system and is active against gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and viruses. It also contributes to the adaptive immune system through recruitment of leukocytes to sites of infection through chemotaxis. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB4A is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is expressed in epithelia of many organs, including the lungs and skin, as well as in monocytes and macrophages. Expression is induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL1B and IFNG, and downregulated by the anti-inflammatory steroid dexamethasone. DEFB4A is a cationic peptide that disrupts the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). DEFB4A stimulates mast cells to induce Ca2+ mobilization, histamine release, and COX-1 mediated prostaglandin D2 release in a G-protein-dependent and phospholipase C-dependent manner. Inhibition of DEFB4A by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

Product Specifications

Catalog ID 1190-02
MW ~4.3 kDa
Storage/Handling Store desiccated at -20°C.
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Packs & Pricing
,
1190-02-5 3-4 Weeks 5 μg $ 115.00

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