G_Products

D-Glucose 6-phosphate is an important phosphorylated sugar found in the cell, and a majority of the glucose entering a cell is of this chemical conformation. It forms the start of two different metabolic pathways; glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, or it may find itself converted into glycogen or starch for storage. It is the main substrate for glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme. It can be used as an energy source for Myobacterium tuberculosis and inhibits activity of sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase in rat brains, lowering calcium accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum. When reacted to form 2-deoxy-D-glucose-6-phosphate it can be used to inhibit bovine heart hexokinase.

D-Glucose 6-phosphate, monosodium salt is common in cells as the vast majority of glucose entering cells becomes phosphorylated in this way. This compound lies at the start of glycolysis and the pentose 6-phosphate pathway. It can be stored as glycogen during conditions of high glucose levels and has been shown to be an energy source for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

D-Glucuronic acid is a basic building block of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate. It is a precursor to vitamin C, the chief detoxifying agent in plants and animals.

D-Glucuronolactone is a glucuronic acid derivative that is converted to L-ascorbic acid in animals and humans. It is studied for its effectiveness against canine hepatitis.

DL-Glyceraldehyde is a substrate for the enzyme aldose reductase.

DL-Glyceraldehyde is a substrate for the enzyme aldose reductase.

Duchefa GelriteTM is a naturally derived gelling polymer that can be used in a variety of applications as a solidification agent instead of agar. Produced by microbial fermentation, GelriteTM is a highly purified, natural anionic polysaccharide with the variations commonly associated with agar. GelriteTM forms rigid, brittle, agar-like gels at approximately half the use level of agar in presence of soluble salt like Mg2+ and Ca2+. Gels prepared with Gelrite™ are remarkably clear in comparison to those formed with agar. GelriteTM contains no contaminating matters (e.g., phenolic compounds) as found in agar that are toxic to certain sensitive organisms.

G-418 sulfate, also known as geneticin, is an aminoglycoside antibiotic similar in structure to gentamicin B1. It is commonly used in plant and mammalian cell culture as a selectable marker. It can be used to select for cells transformed with an iNOS promoter construct or neomycin resistance gene.

G-418 functions by causing a chain of nonsense mutations during translation, ultimately resulting in inhibition of polypeptide synthesis and protein elongation. Resistance to G-418 is conferred through the nptll gene in plant cells and the neo gene in mammalian cells, which encode aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase. For gene selection applications, a kill curve can be made to determine the minimum effective G418 concentration to kill non-resistant cells. G418 disulfate is freely soluble in water.

gamma-Cyclodextrin is 8 linked D-glucopyranose units. Its unique functional characteristics make it useful for filtering out cholesterol molecules, which get trapped in the cyclodextrin rings. For delivery of compounds cyclodextrin has a hydrophilic outside and hydrophobic inside, helping form complexes that help increase solubility and bioavailability of compounds. They can also be used to help form molecules with mechanically-interlocked molecular structures by reacting the terminal ends of the molecule.

Ganciclovir is a synthetic analogue of 2’-deoxy-guanosine used as an antiviral agent. It works by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis by competitive inhibition of viral DNA polymerases eventually resulting in termination. Most commonly, it is used against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. Ganciclovir has also been used to perform selective removal of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells from cultures along with HSV1 thymidine kinase.

Gatifloxacin is a fourth generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic with a significant degree of activity towards gram-negative bacteria and enhanced activity toward gram-positive bacteria. It is also potent in vivo against Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium and many other anaerobic bacteria. Gatifloxacin has also exhibited strong bactericidal efficiency in penicillin resistant and sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae and S. aureus.

Fluoroquinolones are a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit DNA synthesis. These antibiotics prevent unwinding of double-stranded DNA by binding DNA gyrase or DNA topoisomerase. By preventing the formation of single-stranded DNA, fluoroquinolones inhibit bacterial replication.

Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a small protein that promotes the survival of various neuronal subpopulations in both the central as well as the peripheral nervous systems at different stages of their development. GDNF is a founding member of the GDNF family of ligands (GFL) and has been shown to interact with GFRA2 and GDNF family receptor alpha 1. GDNF (monomer) contains seven conserved cysteine residues, one of which (Cys 101) is used for inter-chain disulfide bridging and the others are involved in intramolecular ring formation known as the cystine knot configuration.

Sterile Filtered White lyophilized powder. Purified and tested for use in cell culture.

Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a small protein that promotes the survival of various neuronal subpopulations in both the central as well as the peripheral nervous systems at different stages of their development. GDNF is a founding member of the GDNF family of ligands (GFL) and has been shown to interact with GDNF family receptor alpha 1 (GDNFA1) and GDNFA2. Rat GDNF exists as a homodimer and contains seven conserved cysteine residues, one of which (Cys 101) is used for inter-chain disulfide bridging while the others are involved in intramolecular ring formation known as the cystine knot configuration.

Gefitinib is an anti-cancer agent similar to erlotinib. It functions through inhibiting the overexpressed or mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by binding its ATP binding site. Overexpression and mutation of EGFR are common in cancer cell lines and may lead to uncontrolled proliferation through the Ras signaling cascade. Gefitinib has been shown to induce tumor cell apoptosis in HaCaT cells, KG-1 cells, P39 cells, and CD34+ myeloblasts. Additionally, it has been shown to promote keratinocyte apoptosis.

GelGreen™ is a sensitive, stable and environmentally safe green fluorescent nucleic acid dye designed to stain either dsDNA, ssDNA or RNA in agarose gels. GelGreen™ is far more sensitive than SYBR Safe. Unlike SYBR® dyes, which are known to be unstable, GelGreen™ is very stable, both hydrolytically and thermally. GelGreen™ is compatible with either a 254 nm UV transilluminator or a gel reader equipped with visible light excitation (such as blue LED light box, 488 nm laser-based gel scanner, or Dark Reader®).

GelGreen™ can be used for either post-electrophoresis gel staining or precast gel staining.

GelGreen™ is a sensitive, stable and environmentally safe green fluorescent nucleic acid dye designed to stain either dsDNA, ssDNA or RNA in agarose gels. GelGreen™ is far more sensitive than SYBR Safe. Unlike SYBR® dyes, which are known to be unstable, GelGreen™ is very stable, both hydrolytically and thermally. GelGreen™ is compatible with either a 254 nm UV transilluminator or a gel reader equipped with visible light excitation (such as blue LED light box, 488 nm laser-based gel scanner, or Dark Reader®).

GelGreen™ can be used for either post-electrophoresis gel staining or precast gel staining.

GelRed™ is an ultra-sensitive, extremely stable and environmentally safe fluorescent nucleic acid dye designed to replace the highly toxic ethidium bromide (EtBr) for staining dsDNA, ssDNA or RNA in agarose gels or polyacrylamide gels. GelRed™ is far more sensitive than EtBr without requiring a destaining step. GelRed™ and EtBr have virtually the same spectra, so you can directly replace EtBr with GelRed™ without changing your existing imaging system.

GelRed™ can be used to stain dsDNA, ssDNA or RNA in agarose gels via either precast or post gel staining or can be used to stain polyacrylamide gels via post gel staining. GelRed™ is also compatible with downstream DNA manipulations such as restriction digest, sequencing, and cloning.

A series of safety tests have confirmed that GelRed™ is noncytotoxic, nonmutagenic and nonhazardous at concentrations well above the working concentrations used in gel staining. As a result, GelRed™ can be safely disposed of down the drain or in regular trash, providing convenience and reducing cost in waste disposal.

GelRed™ 10,000X solution in DMSO is for established users of GelRed™ in DMSO who do not wish to change their laboratory protocols. For new users, we recommend GelRed™ 10,000X in water (catalog # G-725), which eliminates the hazards of handling DMSO for even better safety. The performance and stability of GelRed™ 10,000X is comparable in both the water and DMSO formulations.

Geniposide is a bioactive monosaccharide-derived molecule with a multitude of chemical identities including indoid glycoside, terpene glycoside and β-D-glucoside. It is also considered an enoate ester and cyclopentapyran. As a plant derivative glycoside, it has displayed medicinal properties in neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-proliferative functions.

Geniposide’s neuroprotective and antioxidant qualities have been attributed to its ability to regulate Nrf2 translocation, affecting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway expression of antioxidant protein HO-1. As an agonist to the GLP-1 receptor, it’s demonstrated inhibition of oxidative damage from PC12 cells.

It’s regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin signaling also links it to diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease studies. Geniposide has been observed to up-regulate β-site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE1) and insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), adversely reducing Aβ1-42 and ADAM10 levels. Geniposide research in correlation with formaldehyde has proved it to be an inhibitor of misfolding and aggregation of Tau protein and β amyloid protein, both characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease.

Gentamicin is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic effective against gram-negative and gram-positive species. In addition, gentamicin exhibits antimicrobial properties against species resistant to tetracycline, colistin, kanamycin, and chloramphenicol.

GoldBio’s antibiotic solutions are provided ready to use.

The Gentamicin EZ Pak™ is the fastest and easiest way to make a set amount of sterile gentamicin solution. The kit includes pre-weighed gentamicin powder, a sterile filter and a sterile container for the filtered solution. No need to calculate, simply add the stated amount of deionized H₂O, filter, and pour into the labeled bottle for easy usage. The EZ Pak™ includes high quality GoldBio gentamicin and the sterile solution is ready for tissue culture, bacterial media, or any number of uses.