Description
GoldBio’s Adenosine 5′-Monophosphate (AMP), Disodium Salt, Hexahydrate is a highly refined nucleotide used across biochemical, molecular biology, and analytical applications.
AMP preparation is ideal for enzyme assays, nucleotide standardization, studies of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulation, and energy metabolism research within synthetic and molecular biology workflows.
AMP is a key intermediate in cellular energy metabolism and acts as a signaling molecule in energy-sensing pathways. It contributes to maintaining the ATP/ADP/AMP balance and serves as a regulatory signal in kinase cascades and metabolic control, making it valuable for studies in metabolic biology, RNA synthesis, and cell signaling.
Supplied as a stable crystalline powder, GoldBio’s ultra-pure AMP ensures low endotoxin interference and consistent performance for even the most sensitive systems.
Functional Highlights and Mechanism
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AMP serves as a key nucleotide in energy metabolism, being interconverted with ADP and ATP and helping monitor cellular energy status.
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AMP acts as an allosteric activator and regulatory signal for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. AMP binding enhances AMPK activation under metabolic stress by promoting phosphorylation and preventing dephosphorylation of its catalytic subunit.
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The disodium hexahydrate salt form ensures good solubility in aqueous buffers, which supports its use in enzyme assays and nucleotide pool formulations.
Recommended Applications and Usage Notes
Recommended Applications
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Use as a reagent in enzyme kinetics or nucleotide metabolism studies to assess conversion pathways involving AMP, ADP, and ATP.
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Use in signaling research to investigate AMPK activation, cellular energy stress responses, and metabolic regulation.
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Use in preparative or analytical workflows requiring high-purity nucleotides, such as HPLC calibration, nucleotide quantitation, or metabolic flux experiments.
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Use in buffer or reaction systems where a single-phosphate nucleotide is required as a reference or competitor for higher-phosphate forms.
Usage Tips and Considerations
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Dissolve the product in ultrapure water or appropriate buffer; adjust pH if your downstream assay requires a specific pH, and filter/sterilize as needed.
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Store stock solutions in aliquots at –20 °C to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles; always check lot-specific COA for stability and recommended shelf-life.
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If your assay involves metal ions (e.g., Mg²⁺, Mn²⁺) or nucleotide-binding enzymes, consider the ionic environment and chelation potential, as nucleotides can influence metal availability.
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When using in cell culture supplementation, ensure that addition of AMP does not excessively alter osmolarity, ionic strength, or unintended signaling (e.g., via extracellular nucleotide receptors).
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Confirm that any downstream detector or assay is not interfered with by nucleotides or by potential degradation products; verify baseline controls with pure buffer.
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As always for reagents marked “Research Use Only,” ensure your use case aligns with institutional compliance and that no therapeutic or diagnostic application is implied.
Common Research Applications
(Click each for more information)
Nucleotide Standard in Biochemical and Analytical Assays
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Purpose: To serve as a precise reference in quantification of nucleotides by HPLC, capillary electrophoresis, or UV spectroscopy.
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How It Works: AMP is one of the primary ribonucleotides, and its absorbance and chromatographic profile make it a reliable standard for nucleotide analysis.
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Applications: Metabolomics, quality control, nucleotide quantification.
Traut, T. W. (1994). Physiological concentrations of purines and pyrimidines. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 140(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00928361
Substrate and Product in Enzyme Assays (AMP Deaminase, Kinases, Ligases)
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Purpose: To investigate enzymatic activities involved in AMP metabolism or signaling.
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How It Works: AMP acts as a substrate in reactions catalyzed by AMP deaminase (producing IMP) and adenylate kinase (producing ADP). It also appears transiently as an intermediate in ATP-dependent DNA ligase mechanisms during nucleotide activation steps.
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Applications: Enzyme kinetics, drug screening, assay development.
Holmes, R. K., & Singer, M. F. (1973). Purification and characterization of adenylate kinase as an apparent adenosine triphosphate-dependent inhibitor of ribonuclease II in Escherichia coli. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 248(6), 2014–2021.
Allosteric Regulator in Metabolic Pathways
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Purpose: To study AMP's regulatory effects on energy metabolism, particularly in low-energy states.
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How It Works: AMP allosterically activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which regulates cellular energy homeostasis by promoting catabolic pathways.
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Applications: AMPK signaling studies, metabolic stress response research.
Hardie, D. G. (2011). AMP-activated protein kinase — an energy sensor that regulates all aspects of cell function. Genes & Development, 25(18), 1895–1908.
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