Nitrofurantoin is a bacteriostatic, nitrofuran antibiotic targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria such as Enterococci, Staphylococci, Streptococci, Corynebacterium, and E. Coli. It has been used to study nitrofurantoin bacterial susceptibility and nitrofurantoin-induced toxicity. Additionally, it is a substrate for bacterial nitrofuran reductase.