D-Cysteine is the enantiomer of L-Cysteine and is not typically found in natural systems. D-Cysteine is typically used as a reagent for more complicated biological molecules like N-acetyl derivatives for inhibiting cell apoptosis. It can also be used as a metabolite that is not readily converted by enzymes like its more common enantiomer L-Cysteine.

D-Glucuronic acid is a basic building block of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate. It is a precursor to vitamin C, the chief detoxifying agent in plants and animals.

N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine is an amino sugar and component of many O-linked and N-linked glycan structures. It is a derivative of galactose used to form the antigen for the A blood group. It is a required compound for intercellular communication in the nervous system.

Aceturic acid (N-Acetylglycine) is used is in the biological research of peptidomimetics. It is used as the blocking agent of the N-terminus to prepare unnatural and unusual amino acids and amino acid analogs as well as to modify peptides. N-Substituted glycine analogs are widely used in peptidomimetics and drug research.

Nitrovin is a C-nitro compound with its NO2 group attached to a carbon atom. This reagent is a nitrofuran and guanidine which can be applied in chemistry as an organic building block.

Phenylpropiolic acid is a reagent used in chemical synthesis. It has been used in the synthesis of tacchykinin receptor antagonists and catalyzation of aryl and vinyl cross-coupling reactions.