FGF21 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins. It is in the same endocrine signaling subfamily as FGF19 and FGF23. FGF21 is a heparin-binding ligand for FGFR1c and FGFR4 that requires the presence of beta-klotho. Expression of FGF21 mRNA has been observed in the liver, the thymus, and several types of adipose tissue. It has been shown to stimulate glucose incorporation in differentiated adipocytes, independent of insulin activity. It has been suggested that FGF21 also acts as key regulator in the adaptation to stress.

FGF21 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins. It is in the same endocrine signaling subfamily as FGF19 and FGF23. FGF21 is a heparin-binding ligand for FGFR1c and FGFR4 that requires the presence of beta-klotho. Expression of FGF21 mRNA has been observed in the liver, the thymus, and several types of adipose tissue. It has been shown to stimulate glucose incorporation in differentiated adipocytes, independent of insulin activity. It has been suggested that FGF21 also acts as key regulator in the adaptation to stress.

FGF23 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins. In the FGF family, FGF23 is most closely associated with FGF15/19 and FGF21 (see additional information). FGF23 shares 71% homology with mouse Fgf23 at the amino acid level. FGF23 is produced by osteocytes and osteoblasts in response to high circulating phosphate levels, elevated parathyroid hormone, and circulatory volume loading. It functions as an endocrine phosphatonin by suppressing circulating phosphate levels. FGF23 interaction with renal proximal tubular epithelium decreases the renal resorption of phosphate by down regulating phosphate transporters and by suppressing vitamin D production. It also decreases the intestinal absorption of phosphate.

FGF4 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins and was first identified by its oncogenic activity. It plays an important role in embryonic development, acting as an autocrine or paracrine ligand through the FGFR 1c, 2c, 3c, and 4 receptors to support stem cell self-renewal. It is believed that FGF4, with the combined activity one or more apical ectodermal ridge FGFs (FGF2, FGF4, FGF8, and FGF9) works in a positive feedback loop with SHH to control limb development.

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FGF7/KGF1 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins. In the FGF family, FGF7 is most closely related to FGF10 (KGF2), FGF3 and FGF22 (see additional information). Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development and postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF7/KGF1 is mitogen factor specific for epithelial cells and keratinocytes and signals through Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-2b (FGFR-2b) and plays an important role in kidney and lung development, angiogenesis and wound healing.

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GoldBio growth factors are manufactured for RESEARCH USE ONLY and cannot be sold for human consumption!

Recombinant Murine Fibroblast Growth Factor 7FGF7KGF1Keratinocyte Growth Factor 1

FGF7/KGF1 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins. In the FGF family, FGF7 is most closely related to FGF10 (KGF2), FGF3 and FGF22 (see additional information). Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development and postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF7/KGF1 is mitogen factor specific for epithelial cells and keratinocytes and signals through Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-2b (FGFR-2b) and plays an important role in kidney and lung development, angiogenesis and wound healing.

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Source: Escherichia coli

FGF8 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins. These proteins play a crucial role during prenatal development and postnatal growth. In mice, there are 8 known alternate spliced forms of FGF8: FGF8A-H. The human and murine FGF8A and B proteins are 100% identical while FGF8E and F proteins are 98% identical between human and mouse. FGF8 targets mammary carcinoma cells and other cells expressing the FGF receptors. In the FGF family, FGF8 is most closely associated with FGF17 and FGF18 (see additional information).

FGF9 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development and postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF9 targets glial cells, astrocytes and other cells that express FGFR 1c, 2c, 3b, 3c and 4. FGF9 is a potent mitogen for both prostatic epithelial and stromal cells in culture and is an abundant, secreted growth factor that can act as both a paracrine mitogen for epithelial cells and as an autocrine mitogen for stromal cells. There is a 99% amino acid sequence homology between human, mouse and rat FGF9 proteins. In the FGF family, FGF9 is most closely associated with FGF16 and FGF20 (see additional information).

FGF9 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development and postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF9 targets glial cells, astrocytes and other cells that express FGFR 1c, 2c, 3b, 3c and 4. FGF9 is a potent mitogen for both prostatic epithelial and stromal cells in culture and is an abundant, secreted growth factor that can act as both a paracrine mitogen for epithelial cells and as an autocrine mitogen for stromal cells. There is a 99% amino acid sequence homology between human, mouse and rat FGF9 proteins. In the FGF family, FGF9 is most closely associated with FGF16 and FGF20 (see additional information).

FGF9 is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor family of proteins. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development and postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF9 targets glial cells, astrocytes and other cells that express FGFR 1c, 2c, 3b, 3c and 4. FGF9 is a potent mitogen for both prostatic epithelial and stromal cells in culture and is an abundant, secreted growth factor that can act as both a paracrine mitogen for epithelial cells and as an autocrine mitogen for stromal cells. There is a 99% amino acid sequence homology between human, mouse and rat FGF9 proteins. In the FGF family, FGF9 is most closely associated with FGF16 and FGF20 (see additional information).

Fipronil is a phenylpyrazole derivative that is used as an insecticide in agriculture for its neurotoxic effects. It is researched for environmental impact on aquatic and non-pest insect communities. Fipronil has been shown to have neurotoxic effects by inhibiting γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors on chloride channels. Inhibition of these channels hyperstimulates neurons and results with insect death. It has also been shown that fipronil has a high affinity for invertebrate GABA receptors and low affinity for vertebrate receptors.