PPBP is an ELR type of CXC chemokine. This recombinant protein is a mature, proteolytically processed form of PPBP containing 70 amino acids that is also known as NAP2. It is expressed in human monocytes after treatment with bacterial endotoxins and released from the alpha-granules of platelets after their activation. NAP2 is chemotactic for fibroblasts and neutrophils. It is involved in a variety of cellular processes including mitogenesis, DNA synthesis, extracellular matrix synthesis, glycolysis, and plasminogen activator synthesis.

Rat PPBP is an ELR type of CXC chemokine. This recombinant protein is a mature, proteolytically processed form of PPBP that is also known as NAP2. It is expressed in monocytes and macrophages, especially from the lungs, after treatment with bacterial endotoxins and released from the alpha-granules of platelets after their activation. NAP2 is chemotactic for fibroblasts and neutrophils and binds to the receptor CXCR2. It is involved in a variety of cellular processes including mitogenesis, DNA synthesis, extracellular matrix synthesis, glycolysis, and plasminogen activator synthesis.

XCL1 is a chemokine lacking the first and third conserved cysteine residues usually found in chemokines. It is expressed in thymic and peripheral blood CD8+ T-cells and in natural killer cells. Highest levels of expression are seen in spleen, thymus, small intestine, and peripheral blood leukocytes. XCL1 is chemotactic for natural killer cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. It assumes two distinct conformations, one of which has been shown to inhibit HIV-1 isolates. XCL1 is a ligand for XCR1 as well as the virus-encoded viroreceptor M3.

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