Neuregulin 1 belongs to a family of structurally related polypeptide growth factors and is produced in numerous isoforms by alternative splicing, which allows it to perform a wide variety of functions. These isoforms include heregulins (HRGs), glial growth factors (GGFs) and sensory and motor neuron-derived factor (SMDF). They all have the EGF-like domain, and can bind to ErbB3 and ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinases. This binding induces ErbB3 and ErbB4 heterodimerization with ErbB2, stimulating intrinsic kinase activity. This recombinant protein is the EGF-like domain of isoform 7. NRG1 isoforms induce the growth and differentiation of epithelial, neuronal, glial, and other types of cells. NRG1 is necessary for development, structural maintenance, and functional integrity of the heart. It is also thought to play a role in synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation of NRG1 has been linked to various cancers and schizophrenia.
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