Duchefa GelriteTM is a naturally derived gelling polymer that can be used in a variety of applications as a solidification agent instead of agar. Produced by microbial fermentation, GelriteTM is a highly purified, natural anionic polysaccharide with the variations commonly associated with agar. GelriteTM forms rigid, brittle, agar-like gels at approximately half the use level of agar in presence of soluble salt like Mg2+ and Ca2+. Gels prepared with Gelrite™ are remarkably clear in comparison to those formed with agar. GelriteTM contains no contaminating matters (e.g., phenolic compounds) as found in agar that are toxic to certain sensitive organisms.

Nalidixic acid is a naphthyridone antibiotic that is similar in structure and mechanism to quinolones and is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It acts as a bacteriostatic in lower concentrations but can be bacteriocidal at higher concentrations. Nalidixic acid indirectly inhibits proteins synthesis by binding DNA and interfering with enzymes involved in DNA replication and transcription.

Nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside acts as a chromogenic substrate for β-Glucosidase. When cleaved, Nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside produces a yellow solution, and its appearance can be measured spectrophotometically.

The study of β-Glucosidase is particularly important as this enzyme is necessary for cell wall degradation and is inherent in some fungi and bacterial pathogens.

Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces tenebrarius targeting gram-negative bacteria. It is often used to combat Pseudomonas species. It has been used to study cystic fibrosis and a variety of respiratory infections. Tobramycin sulfate is freely soluble in aqueous solution.

Acriflavine HCl is a compound predominantly used in cellular biology for fluorescence staining. It intercalates between the base pairs of DNA and RNA. Among the acridine dyes, acriflavine has the highest affinity for DNA. Acriflavine stains eukaryotic cells exceptionally well in humic substance environments. It provides a robust experimental consistency and reduces the effect of minor experimental errors. The binding of acriflavine to DNA can be observed from a characteristic red shift in an absorption spectrum. While having a high affinity for DNA, acriflavine is limited to euchromatin for both DNA and RNA.

Acriflavine has also been found to inhibit heterodimeric transcription factors, specifically called hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Studying the hyperactivity of HIFs has become a popular in oncology research, where chemicals like acriflavine are used to disrupt HIF activity of malignant cells. HIFs are activated in hypoxic conditions and promote angiogenesis to alleviate stress. They are normally regulated through proline and asparagine hydroxylation. Acriflavine halts HIF activity, specifically by binding to a subdomain of HIF-1α and HIF-2α.

Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic primarily targeting gram-positive bacteria. It is also against anaerobic bacteria and protozoans such as Toxoplasma species. Clindamycin binds the 50s ribosomal subunit preventing ribosomal translocation, resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis. It has been shown to exhibit synergistic properties when combined with vancomycin.

Salmon Gal (6-Chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside) is used with IPTG as an alternative chromogenic substrate capable of detecting LacZ gene encoded ß-galactosidase activity for colony screening in colometric assays.

Unlike colony blue/white screening through X-Gal, nonrecombination results in a salmon color after salmon gal is cleaved by ß-galactosidase through hydrolysis. This contrast may be useful in comparative or secondary screenings.

Incorporating nitroblue tetrazolium salt (NBT) into the salmon gal reactions provides faster results with a clear, purple precipitate than in unaccompanied uses of salmon gal.

The Ampicillin (Sodium) EZ Pak™ is the fastest and easiest way to make a set amount of sterile ampicillin (sodium) solution. The kit includes pre-weighed ampicillin (sodium) powder, a sterile filter, and a sterile container for the filtered solution. No need to calculate, simply add the stated amount of deionized H2O, filter, and pour into the labeled bottle for easy usage. The EZ Pak™ includes high quality GoldBio ampicillin (sodium) and the sterile solution is ready for tissue culture, bacterial media, or other appropriate use.

GelRed™ is an ultra-sensitive, extremely stable and environmentally safe fluorescent nucleic acid dye designed to replace the highly toxic ethidium bromide (EtBr). 6X GelRed™ Prestain Loading Buffers are gel loading buffers containing density agents, tracking dyes, and GelRed dye. The 6X prestain loading buffer is added to samples in place of gel loading buffer and eliminates the need to add fluorescent DNA dye to the agarose gel during casting.

6X GelRed™ Prestain Loading Buffer with Orange Tracking Dye contains an orange electrophoresis tracking dye that run at approximately 50 bp in a 1% agarose gel.

GelRed™ and EtBr have virtually the same spectra, so you can directly replace EtBr with GelRed without changing your existing imaging system. In addition, GelRed™ is far more sensitive than EtBr, which cannot be used in DNA loading buffer to prestain DNA. GelRed™ is compatible with downstream applications such as sequencing and cloning. GelRed™ is efficiently removed from DNA by commercial gel extraction kits or by phenol/chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation.

Lincomycin HCl is a lincosamide antibiotic targeting gram positive and anaerobic bacteria as well as protozoans. It is commonly used to combat Staphylococcus and Streptococcus bacteria. Lincomycin HCl is freely soluble in aqueous solution.