ProBlock™ Gold Plant protease inhibitor cocktail contains optimized concentrations of various plant protease inhibitors, which provide excellent inhibition of protease activities during protein purification from plant. The cocktail contains both reversible and irreversible protease inhibitors to inhibit serine, cysteine, metalloproteases and specific inhibitors for plant proteases, such as aspartic proteases and aminopeptidases. A 1X concentration oft ProBlock™ Gold Plant inhibits over 90% of protease activities.

ProBlock™ Gold Yeast/Fungi protease inhibitor cocktail contains optimized concentrations of various yeast and fungal protease inhibitors, which provide excellent inhibition of protease activities during protein purification from yeast or fungi. The cocktail contains both reversible and irreversible protease inhibitors to inhibit serine, cysteine, metalloproteases and specific inhibitors for yeast or fungal proteases, such as aspartic proteases. At 1X concentration, ProBlock™ Gold Yeast/Fungi inhibits over 90% of protease activities.

Some proteins require divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+ or Mn2+) for their biological activity and the presence of chelating agents may be detrimental to the protein’s activity. Chelators, such as EDTA, inhibit the purification of proteins by immobilized metal affinity chromatography.

ProBlock™ Gold Yeast/Fungi is supplied with additional, optional EDTA and 1,10-Phenanthroline monohydrate which are provided for optimal inhibition of metalloproteases and may be added in the extraction buffer or lysate as needed.

GelGreen™ is a sensitive, stable and environmentally safe green fluorescent nucleic acid dye designed to stain either dsDNA, ssDNA or RNA in agarose gels. GelGreen™ is far more sensitive than SYBR Safe. Unlike SYBR® dyes, which are known to be unstable, GelGreen™ is very stable, both hydrolytically and thermally. GelGreen™ is compatible with either a 254 nm UV transilluminator or a gel reader equipped with visible light excitation (such as blue LED light box, 488 nm laser-based gel scanner, or Dark Reader®).

GelGreen™ can be used for either post-electrophoresis gel staining or precast gel staining.

Octylglucoside is a nonionic, mild detergent used to isolate membrane proteins in the native state. It can easily be removed during final extractions by dialysis.

Characteristics that contribute to this detergent’s usefulness are its water solubility, chemical structure and small-sized micelles.

Octylglucoside also provides higher resolution of proteins in 2D electrophoresis.

XTT sodium salt is used in the XTT colormetric assay and assists in identifying metabolic activity within cells. In the XTT assay, the metabolic activity of cells reduces XTT sodium salt to an orange color formazan dye by dehydrogenase enzymes. Dye conversion will only occur in viable cells.

6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate is used to detect proteins and amino acids. It reacts with amino acids forming stable unsymmetrical urea derivatives. It can be used with HPLC analysis.

EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor) is a family of growth factors that are derived from membrane-anchored precursors. The family is characterized by the presence of at least one “EGF-like domain” (characterized by the presence of three disulfide bonds, formed from 6 conserved cysteine residues) in their extracellular domain. EGF was originally discovered as an activity that induced early eyelid opening, incisor eruption, hair growth inhibition and stunting of growth when injected into newborn mice. Mature human EGF shares 70% amino acid sequence identity with mature mouse and rat EGF. Human EGF was isolated from urine based on its inhibitory effect on gastric secretion and is sometimes called urogastrone.

Paromomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces rimosus. It targets a variety of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as several protozoan species. It displays activity similar to that of neomycin. Paromomycin sulfate is freely soluble.

Arginine is an essential amino acid found in food and plant sources, and many biological systems and is one of only 3 amino acids with basic side chains. Arginine is typically classified as a semi-essential or conditionally essential amino acid. Administered intravenously, Arginine has been shown to stimulate the secretion of human growth hormone and is frequently used in growth hormone stimulation tests. L-Arginine is a substrate of nitric oxide synthase, which is converted to citrulline and nitric oxide and is known to Induces insulin release by a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism.

Ciprofloxacin is a second generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic targeting a broad-spectrum of bacteria and mycoplasma. It is nalidixic acid analog and has few known resistant strains. Ciprofloxacin is also effective as a plant fungicide. Ciprofloxacin HCl is freely soluble in water. GoldBio also offers Ciprofloxacin, a purer form of the antibiotic which does not contain HCl, but is sparingly soluble in water.

Penicillin G is a β-lactam antibiotic produced by the Penicillium fungus. It has shown efficacy against a variety of Streptococcus species as well as non-penicillinase producing Staphylococcus species. The potassium salt is useful in studying Staphylococcus murosomes and Streptococcus mutans. This product has been tested against both sensitive and resistant cells.

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is the most commonly used antibody-conjugated enzyme. Substrates for HRP are luminol and benzidine substrates. Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and similar substrates are oxidized by HRP in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, or nontoxic substitutes, to yield a chinoid structure of intense blue color.