Mitomycin C is an antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus. It is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and a variety of cancer cells, including Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Mitomycin C has been used to produce mitotically inactivated feeder cells and has been shown to increase recombination during fruit fly meiosis. It is capable of killing mutant strains of Arabidopsis that are defective for recombination during meiosis.

Mitomycin C functions as a DNA crosslinking agent, inhibiting DNA synthesis.

Neomycin is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces species. It targets gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Neomycin can also be used as a selection agent for prokaryotic cells transformed with the neo gene or NPT II resistance gene and to study toxic antibacterial side effects. In addition, neomycin is a calcium channel protein inhibitor and DNase I inhibitor. It can be used in a variety of cell culture applications

Nourseothricin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from Streptomyces noursei. In addition to being effective on prokaryotic cells of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, various fungi including Candida albicans, and certain DNA and RNA viruses, it is also effective on eukaryotic cells of higher eukaryotes. It has been used as a selection agent for cells containing the gene conferring resistance to it.

GoldBio nourseothricin is a mixture of four streptothricin compounds: D and F (>85%) as well as C and E (<15%).

Penicillin G is a β-lactam antibiotic produced by the Penicillium fungus. It has shown efficacy against a variety of Streptococcus species as well as non-penicillinase producing Staphylococcus species. The potassium salt is useful in studying Staphylococcus murosomes and Streptococcus mutans. This product has been tested against both sensitive and resistant cells.

Penicillin G is a β-lactam antibiotic produced by the Penicillium fungus. It has shown efficacy against a variety of Streptococcus species as well as non-penicillinase producing Staphylococcus species.

Puromycin is an aminonucleoside antibiotic that causes early chain termination within the ribosome during translation. This inhibition of translation is effective in both in vivo and in vitro applications, making it an ideal tool for protein synthesis studies. While selection for E. coli cells is possible with puromycin, it is more commonly and effectively used for mammalian cell selection.

The growth of bacteria, protozoa, algae and mammalian cells is quickly halted by puromycin. However, cells with the pac gene have resistance. Its gene product is puromycin-N-acetyl-transferase which inactivates puromycin through acetylation.

Research has shown puromycin to be effective against certain tumors.

Rifampicin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic known for its efficacy against tuberculosis and other infections caused by Mycobacterium species. This semisynthetic antibiotic has also been shown to work against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), to activate nuclear pregnane x receptor (PXR), and to promote CYP2C-mediated metabolism.

Rifampicin functions by binding the β-subunit of RNA polymerase, inhibiting RNA synthesis. Resistance to this antibiotic develops from mutations on the binding site on RNA polymerase leading to a lower affinity for rifampicin.

Spectinomycin is an aminocyclitol antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces spectabilis. It is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but most commonly used against Gonococcus species. It has also been used to monitor cell fate during leaf development and as a selection marker in plants to display successful transformation of the Spcr gene.

Spectinomycin functions by binding the 30s ribosomal subunit, inhibiting tRNA translation and protein synthesis. Resistance to this antibiotic is conferred through the aadA gene and mutated rpsE gene.

Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic targeting gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It also displays toxicity against certain eukaryotic cells. Tetracycline is used in multidrug resistance studies and in cell culture applications as a selective agent. Additionally, it promotes expression of the P450 proteins.

Timentin™ is a 15:1 mixture of ticarcillin and clavulanate. Ticarcillin is a penicillin ß-lactam antibiotic, which is susceptible to ß-lactamase degradation. When combined with clavulanate, a ß-lactamase inhibitor, its efficacy is greatly increased. Timentin™ exhibits high activity against gram-negative bacteria and resistant Agrobacterium species.

Vancomycin hydrochloride is a member of the glycopeptide antibiotic class derived from Streptomyces orientalis. It is effective against gram-positive bacteria and used in studies of antibiotic resistance bacteria and nanoparticle transport studies. Exhibiting low toxicity to plants, vancomycin is suitable for plant selection and prevention of bacterial contamination in plant cell culture applications.