Timentin™ is a 15:1 mixture of ticarcillin and clavulanate. Ticarcillin is a penicillin ß-lactam antibiotic, which is susceptible to ß-lactamase degradation. When combined with clavulanate, a ß-lactamase inhibitor, its efficacy is greatly increased. Timentin™ exhibits high activity against gram-negative bacteria and resistant Agrobacterium species.

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic that effectively inhibits Gram-negative and Gram-positive cell growth. Gentamicin's mode of action is to bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit and interfere with protein synthesis.

It is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against gram-positive and gram-negative microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options for infected patients.

X-Gluc is a chromogenic substrate for beta-glucuronidase (GUS) which is encoded by the gusA (uid A) gene, a widely used reporter gene. Glucuronidase cleaves X-Gluc to produce colorless glucuronic acid and an intense blue precipitate. X-Gluc is often used in GUS staining of plant cells and tissue and in infections caused by E. coli.

HEPES is a buffering agent used in biochemistry and molecular biology that was selected and described by Good et al. It is a zwitterionic, piperazinic buffer that is useful for a pH range of 6.8 – 8.2. HEPES lacks the ability to form a significant complex with most metal ions and is recommended for use as a non-coordinating buffer in solutions with metal ions.

Spectinomycin is an aminocyclitol antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces spectabilis. It is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but most commonly used against Gonococcus species. It has also been used to monitor cell fate during leaf development and as a selection marker in plants to display successful transformation of the Spcr gene.

Spectinomycin functions by binding the 30s ribosomal subunit, inhibiting tRNA translation and protein synthesis. Resistance to this antibiotic is conferred through the aadA gene and mutated rpsE gene.

GoldBio’s 2’-Deoxynucleoside 5’-triphosphate mix is an aqueous solution containing dATP, dCTP, dGTP and dTTP, each at a final concentration of 10mM. This mixture has been tested for performance in a wide size-range of PCR templates with Taq and Pfu DNA polymerases.

The dNTP solution is ideal for PCR, cDNA synthesis, DNA sequencing and labeling procedures, and it has been performance tested with Q-PCR and long PCR (30 kb).

GoldBio’s ReadyLadder™ 1 kb PLUS™ DNA Ladder is a reliable, ready-to-use molecular weight marker designed for accurate sizing of medium-to-large DNA fragments. Composed of 14 distinct bands ranging from 250 bp to 25 kb, this ladder provides excellent coverage for routine electrophoresis.

To simplify interpretation, it includes two enhanced reference bands (3 kb and 1 kb) that stand out for quick identification. The ladder is premixed with loading buffer, containing Xylene cyanol FF and Bromophenol blue tracking dyes, enabling direct gel loading and real-time monitoring of DNA migration. Stable for ambient-temperature shipping and long-term storage, this ladder offers sharp, consistent bands and dependable performance for everyday molecular biology workflows.

Tested and Certified for in vivo imaging (See "Luciferin FAQ" in additional information)

Luciferin is a common bioluminescent reporter used for in vivo imaging of the expression of luciferase. This water soluble substrate for the firefly luciferase enzyme utilizes ATP and Mg2+ as cofactors to emit a characteristic yellow-green emission in the presence of oxygen, which shifts to red light in vivo at 37°C. Through the utilization of ATP, the reaction can be further used to indicate the presence of energy or life in order to function as a life-death stain.

Luciferin is a common reagent used throughout the biotechnology field and specifically for in vivo imaging. Luciferase labeled tumor cells, stem cells or infectious diseases are often inoculated into research animals such as rats or mice for investigation. The injection of luciferin allows for the real-time, noninvasive monitoring of disease progression and/or drug efficacy in these model systems through Bioluminescence Imaging (BLI).

Luciferin is also commonly used for in vitro research, including luciferase and ATP assays, gene reporter assays, high throughput sequencing and various contamination assays.

Firefly Luciferin is identical to Beetle Luciferin. (See "Additional Information" for structures.)

GoldBio's Reagent Grade, Fatty Acid Free BSA is ideally suited for fatty acid sensitive cell culture systems, such as CHO, Vero and MDCK cells, as well as for the most sensitive diagnostic and research applications.

GoldBio BSA is a highly purified, lyophilized albumin, suitable for Westerns, enzyme systems, protein standards, hybridizations and as a protease-sensitive immunoassays. Reagent Grade, Fatty Acid Free BSA is ideally suited for fatty acid sensitive cell culture systems as well as for the most sensitive diagnostic and research applications.Our BSA is protease and certified TSE free, manufactured in the United States in a closed loop system from USDA-inspected, healthy animals located in the US.

The primary attribute of DDM is its capability to extract hydrophobic proteins while maintaining the solution-phase protein conformation. DDM also allows the protein to be reformed following denaturization. Most membrane-bound proteins are α-helix bundles, which are less robust to changes in their cellular environment. DDM offers a detergent capable of preserving these proteins. This is in contrast to other, harsher ionic detergents that destabilize and permanently denature α-helical membrane-bound proteins. DDM has been used to solubilize the multidrug-transporter protein, EmrE, as well as the nucleoside-specific porin protein, Tsx.

Quick-Dissolve™ Gibberellic Acid is a special formulation developed at GoldBio that dissolves more easily in water than standard gibberellic Acid. In our lab, KOH is not required to drive the Quick-Dissolve™ Gibberellic Acid into solution.

PMSF is a serine protease inhibitor that irreversibly inhibits serine proteases by sulfonylation of the serine residue in the active site of the protease. It is widely used in protocols for the isolation of proteins.

PMSF is inactivated in aqueous solutions. The rate of inactivation increases with increasing pH and is faster at 25°C than at 4°C. The half-life of a 20mM aqueous solution of PMSF is ~35 minutes at pH 8.0. This short half-life means that aqueous solutions of PMSF can be safely discarded after they have been rendered alkaline (pH >8.6) and stored for several hours at room temperature.