D-Cellobiose is used to differentiate bacteria based on carbohydrate fermentation abilities. It is a β-glucosidase substrate.

D-Glucose 6-phosphate, monosodium salt is common in cells as the vast majority of glucose entering cells becomes phosphorylated in this way. This compound lies at the start of glycolysis and the pentose 6-phosphate pathway. It can be stored as glycogen during conditions of high glucose levels and has been shown to be an energy source for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Dehydroascorbic acid or oxidized vitamin C has dietary and cosmetic applications. It is actively brought into the endoplasmic reticulum of cells through glucose transport and generates oxidative potential. Dehydroascorbic acid is the oxidized form of vitamin C.

Dequalinium chloride is a quinolinium ion composed of symmetrical quaternary quinolinium units, one 4-amino-2-methylquinolin-1-yl group on each end of the molecule in place of a methyl hydrogen. It is a quaternary ammonium cation and forms an organic chloride salt. Its biological roles include antifungal agent and inhibitor of mitochondrial NADH ubiquione reductase. Medically, dequalinium chloride is the active ingredient of pharmaceuticals against bacterial infections and malaria; it has been applied as an antifungal, antinematadol and antiseptic drug.

Dimethyl 1,4-Cubanedicarboxylate is a reagent used in chemical synthesis.

Flumethasone is a glucocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory for a variety of animals. It is commonly investigated for its effectiveness in animals to combat inflammatory symptoms caused by pathogens and to better understand inflammatory mechanisms. It is also used as to investigate novel techniques that detect and quantify steroid compounds within muscles.

Flumethasone has been shown to exert anti-inflammtory effects by functioning as a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Stimulating this receptor promotes inhibition of phospholipase A2 activity. This enzyme catalyzes arachidonic acid into eicosanoids most of which stimulate anti-inflammation mechanisms.

Flurbiprofen is a phenylalkanoic acid that is part of the non-steroid anti-inflammatory family. It is used as a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, diminishing metabolites that activate inflammatory responses.

Flurbiprofen strongly inhibits two forms of the human COX enzyme: COX-1 and COX-2. Both enzymes catalyze the reaction of prostaglandin synthesis from arachidonic acid. COX-1 however has been found to influence other physiological processes such as mucus and acid secretion in the stomach.

Flurbiprofen sodium is the salt form of a phenylalkanoic acid that is part of the non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) family. It functions as a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor and as an antimiotic. Flurbiprofen sodium has also been used to investigate in vivo novel drug delivery systems.

Flurbiprofen sodium strongly inhibits two forms of the human COX enzyme: COX-1 and COX-2. Both enzymes catalyze the synthesis of prostaglandin, a pro-inflammatory lipid, from arachidonic acid. COX-1 however has been found to influence other physiological processes such as mucus and acid secretion in the stomach. Antimiotic effects observed with flurbiprofen sodium use is due to decreased prostaglandin levels.