Biochemical Reagents

D-Fructose 6-phosphate, disodium salt dihydrate is a glycolytic intermediate produced upon isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate. It may be used to characterize enzymes of the glycolytic pathway and differentiate between them.

D-Galactose is a monosaccharide sugar that serves as an energy source and glycosylation component. It is a C-4 epimer of glucose and often used as a source of carbon in culture media. Galactose is a component of the disaccharide lactose and released upon hydrolysis by β-galactosidase enzymes. It is converted to glucose via the Leloir pathway or metabolized via an alternative pathway, such as the DeLey-Doudoroff pathway.

D-Glucose 6-phosphate, monosodium salt is common in cells as the vast majority of glucose entering cells becomes phosphorylated in this way. This compound lies at the start of glycolysis and the pentose 6-phosphate pathway. It can be stored as glycogen during conditions of high glucose levels and has been shown to be an energy source for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

D-Glucuronic acid is a basic building block of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate. It is a precursor to vitamin C, the chief detoxifying agent in plants and animals.

D-Glucuronolactone is a glucuronic acid derivative that is converted to L-ascorbic acid in animals and humans. It is studied for its effectiveness against canine hepatitis.

D-Mannoheptulose is a natural, seven-carbon monosaccharide found in avocado fruits. It behaves as a competitive inhibitor of hexokinase, an enzyme that phosphorylates hexoses such as glucose. The inhibition of hexokinase leads to the prevention of glycolysis.

Extensive research has reported that using D-mannoheptulose to interfere with hexokinases ultimately inhibits the synthesis and release of insulin. This has had a significant impact on studies involving diabetes and anti-aging.

D-Mannose is an aldohexose carbohydrate used to study the effects of mannose on processes such as glycosylation. It can also be used as an alternative biological energy source. D-mannose has been used to study bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplantation

D-Melezitose hydrate is a carbon substrate used to analyze identification of indole-positive and indole-negative Klebsiella species. It is also used to study epidemiologic markers of Klebsiella oxytoca strains.

Raffinose is a natural trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose and fructose. It primarily serves as a carbon source for yeast as well as being an important component in some cryopreservation solutions.

Additionally, it is known to improve digestion and increase the absorption of calcium.

Raffinose is naturally found in a variety of vegetables and grains, and is hydrolyzed by α-gal.

D-Ribose is an aldopentose monosaccharide. It is phosphorylated into D-ribose 5-phosphate by ribokinase and then supports the synthesis of tryptophan and histidine. Additionally, D-ribose 5-phosphate is part of the pentose phosphate pathway. D-Ribose may be used as a cell culture media supplement.

D-Salicin is a an inhibitor of COX and a substrate for β-glucosidase.

DAB tetrahydrochloride hydrate is a water soluble form of 3-3'-diaminobenzidine and is used to stain for peroxidase activity. The intensity of DAB staining can be increased with the addition of cobalt, nickel or silver ions.

Dehydroascorbic acid or oxidized vitamin C has dietary and cosmetic applications. It is actively brought into the endoplasmic reticulum of cells through glucose transport and generates oxidative potential. Dehydroascorbic acid is the oxidized form of vitamin C.

Deoxyribonucleic acid, sodium salt from Salmon Sperm is a nonspecific DNA blocking agent used to reduce background in nucleic acid hybridization. Additionally, it has been used to develop a method used to extract DNA from Cryptosporidium oocysts. It may be used as a substrate for the development of DNA detection methods.

DL-Glyceraldehyde is a substrate for the enzyme aldose reductase.

DL-Glyceraldehyde is a substrate for the enzyme aldose reductase.

DL-Methionine sulfoxide the product of oxidation of the sulfur the naturally occurring amino acid methionine. This product is a mixture of both methionine sulfoxide enantiomers.

Proline and its derivatives are often used as asymmetric catalysts in organic reactions. The CBS reduction and proline catalysed aldol condensation are prominent examples. L-Proline is an osmoprotectant, and therefore is used in many pharmaceutical, biotechnological applications.

Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is a very polar organic compound that is useful in organic chemistry for solubilizing organic and inorganic compounds. DMSO is also used as a cryoprotectant for cell media, preventing the formation of ice crystals, which would otherwise damage cells. DMSO can be used in PCR reactions to inhibit the self-complementation of DNA or PCR primers and increase amplification, especially for DNA sequences, which have GC rich sequences.