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Amygdalin is a glucoside derived from almonds and apricot kernels. While it was originally suggested that amygdalin is an anticancer agent, it is avoided due to its cyanogenic properties. Upon being metabolized by β-glucosidase enzymes, amygdalin produces hydrogen cyanide, which is cytotoxic on tumor cells. Amygdalin is freely soluble in aqueous solution and is used to study cytotoxic effects of cyanide on cancer cells and can be useful in identification and analysis of maltases, emulsins, and β-glucosidases.

Anisomycin is an antifungal produced by Streptomyces griseolus. It functions by inhibiting protein synthesis in certain eukaryotic cells. Anisomycin inhibits peptidyl transferase activity in the 60s subunit of the 80s ribosome.

Anisomycin has been shown to promote apoptosis in promyelocytic leukemia cells, Jurkat cells, ventricular monocytes, and colon adenocarcinoma cells. Additionally, anisomycin is a JNK agonist and activates MAP kinases. It is a useful antiprotozoal agent.

Anthrone is an aromatic keytone and used as a reagent in many different organic molecules because of its cyclic nature. It can be used in the detection of carbohydrates and other complex sugars using the anthrone method, which uses the intensity of its blue color in solution to quantify the amount of sugar present.

Apramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic useful against gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella species. It is used to study antibiotic resistance and protein synthesis translocation inhibition. Apramycin sulfate is freely soluble.

Aprotinin is a monomeric globular polypeptide derived from bovine lung tissue. It consists of a chain of 58 amino acids that fold into a stable, compact tertiary structure of the 'small SS-rich" type, containing 3 disulfides, a twisted β-hairpin and a C-terminal α-helix.

Aprotinin inhibits several serine proteases, specifically trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin and kallikrein. Its action on kallikrein leads to the inhibition of the formation of factor XIIa. Binding is reversible with most aprotinin-protease complexes dissociating at pH >10 or < 3. Aprotinin is freely soluble in water (>10 mg/ml) as well as low ionic strength aqueous buffers.

Arachidoyl-DL-carnitine chloride
Eicosanoyl-DL-carnitine chloride

AREG (Amphiregulin) is an EGF related growth factor containing 6 conserved cysteine residues, which form 3 intramolecular disulfide bonds essential for biological activity. It was originally isolated from the MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line and is expressed in numerous carcinoma cell lines, as well as the epithelial cells of various human tissues including colon, stomach, breast, ovary, and kidney. AREG participates in autocrine signaling and binds to an EGF/TGF-α receptor, stimulating growth of keratinocytes, epithelial cells and some fibroblasts. It also inhibits the growth of certain carcinoma cell lines. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein and the ectodomain is cleaved by a protease to release the mature protein. Overexpression of AREG produces a cutaneous phenotype resembling psoriasis.

Artesunate is a synthetic compound that is highly employed for its anti-malarial capabilities and is currently studied for its applications in oncology research and surgical procedures. In anti-malarial studies, it has been shown to disrupt EXP1 activity, which is a glutathione transferase responsible for cell detoxification in Plasmodium falciparum. Artesunate activity has been shown to be enhanced when co-administered with amodiaquine HCl.

In oncology research, Artesunate is used to arrest cancer growth in the G2/M phase and upregulate proteins p21 and Beclin1. These proteins are mainly related to apoptosis with p21 being a regulator of the process and Beclin1 playing a role in cell death by autophagy. Artesunate has also been shown to form an endoperoxide bridge which generates carbon radicals that dismantle the cell. However, the observed radical formation is dose and time dependent.

Artesunate has been shown to provide organ damage reduction in rats exposed to hemorrhagic shock. Administration of ART occurred after resuscitation and did not function as a preventative. Artesunate operates by decreasing cell apoptosis through protein kinase B (PKB) stimulation and glycogen synthase kinase inhibition. Cell survival is also enhanced by nuclear factor kappa B (NfkB) suppression, diminishing proinflammatory cytokine synthesis.

Asunaprevir is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme serine protease NS3 in hepatitis C viruses (HCV) and is currently in phase III clinical trials. This enzyme’s C terminal functions as a helicase for host DNA allowing access for viral manipulation. Asunaprevir is used in tandem with ribavirin and other direct or indirect acting antiviral compounds results in a thorough eradication of HCV.

GoldBio’s new Auxo-Agro™ competent cells are methionine auxotrophic strains of Agrobacterium which reduce overgrowth during the infection process while increasing plant transformation efficiency.

Our EHA105 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens can be used in genetic transformation of tomato, tobacco and other plants. After transformation, antibiotics are commonly used to remove Agrobacterium. However, even in the presence of antibiotics, there can be overgrowth of the Agrobacterium strain which can create a more difficult experimental protocol. Auxo-Agro™ cells help to solve this problem when selection is performed in both minimal media without Methionine in combination with selective antibiotics, such as Timentin, Cefotaxime or Meropenem.

GoldBio’s EHA105 Agrobacterium chemically competent cells allow you to obtain high transformation efficiency in applications such as gDNA or cDNA library construction. Our EHA105 strain harbors a rifampicin resistance (rif) gene.

Product Specifications
Competent cell type: Chemical Competent
Species: A. tumefaciens
Strain: EHA105∆Met
Format: Tubes
Transformation efficiency: ≥1 x 10⁴ cfu/µg pCAMBIA1391z DNA
Blue/white screening: No

GoldBio’s new Auxo-Agro™ competent cells are methionine auxotrophic strains of Agrobacterium which reduce overgrowth during the infection process while increasing plant transformation efficiency.

Our EHA105 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens can be used in genetic transformation of tomato, tobacco and other plants. After transformation, antibiotics are commonly used to remove Agrobacterium. However, even in the presence of antibiotics, there can be overgrowth of the Agrobacterium strain which can create a more difficult experimental protocol. Auxo-Agro™ cells help to solve this problem when selection is performed in both minimal media without Methionine in combination with selective antibiotics, such as Timentin, Cefotaxime or Meropenem.

GoldBio’s EHA105 Agrobacterium electrocompetent cells allow you to obtain high transformation efficiency in applications such as gDNA or cDNA library construction. Our EHA105 strain harbors a rifampicin resistance (rif) gene.

Product Specifications
Competent cell type: ElectroCompetent
Species: A. tumefaciens
Strain: EHA105∆Met
Format: Tubes
Transformation efficiency: ≥1.6 x 10⁸ cfu/µg pCAMBIA1391z DNA
Blue/white screening: No

GoldBio’s new Auxo-Agro™ competent cells are methionine auxotrophic strains of Agrobacterium which reduce overgrowth during the infection process while increasing plant transformation efficiency.

Our LBA4404 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens can be used in genetic transformation of tomato, tobacco and other plants. After transformation, antibiotics are commonly used to remove Agrobacterium. However, even in the presence of antibiotics, there can be overgrowth of the Agrobacterium strain which can create a more difficult experimental protocol. Auxo-Agro™ cells help to solve this problem when selection is performed in both minimal media without Methionine in combination with selective antibiotics, such as Timentin, Cefotaxime or Meropenem.

GoldBio’s LBA4404 Agrobacterium chemically competent cells allow you to obtain high transformation efficiency in applications such as gDNA or cDNA library construction. Our LBA4404 strain harbors a rifampicin resistance (rif) gene. Furthermore, LBA4404 has an octopine-type Ti plasmid pAL4404 without self-transport function, containing the vir genes.

Product Specifications
Competent cell type: Chemical Competent
Species: A. tumefaciens
Strain: LBA4404∆Met
Format: Tubes
Transformation efficiency: ≥1 x 10⁴ cfu/µg pCAMBIA1391z DNA
Blue/white screening: No

GoldBio’s new Auxo-Agro™ competent cells are methionine auxotrophic strains of Agrobacterium which reduce overgrowth during the infection process while increasing plant transformation efficiency.

Our LBA4404 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens can be used in genetic transformation of tomato, tobacco and other plants After transformation, antibiotics are commonly used to remove Agrobacterium. However, even in the presence of antibiotics, there can be overgrowth of the Agrobacterium strain which can create a more difficult experimental protocol. Auxo-Agro™ cells help to solve this problem when dual selection is performed in both minimal media without Methionine in combination with selective antibiotics, such as Timentin, Cefotaxime or Meropenem.

GoldBio’s LBA4404 ElectroCompetent Agrobacterium cells allow you to obtain high transformation efficiency in applications such as gDNA or cDNA library construction. Our LBA4404 strain harbor a rifampicin resistance (rif) gene. Furthermore, LBA4404 has an octopine-type Ti plasmid pAL4404 without self-transport function, containing the vir genes.

Product Specifications
Competent cell type: ElectroCompetent
Species: A. tumefaciens
Strain: LBA4404∆Met
Format: Tubes
Transformation efficiency: ≥4 x 10⁶ cfu/µg pCAMBIA1391z DNA
Blue/white screening: No

Azelaic acid is a dicarboxylic acid found in cereals and animal products. It is bactericidal against Proprionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis by inhibiting synthesis in microbial cellular proteins. It is found to be useful in controlling several skin conditions, including acne and hyperpigmentation. In melanoma cells azelaic acid inhibits DNA synthesis, leading to a significant reduction in proliferation.

Azithromycin is a broad-spectrum macrolide antibiotic similar in structure to erythromycin. It is effective against various gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It has also displayed efficacy against certain Mycoplasma species. Azithromycin also exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Azithromycin dihydrate is slightly soluble in aqueous solution.

Macrolide antibiotics are composed of a macrocyclic lactone ring attached to one or more deoxy sugars. They inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by irreversibly binding the P site of the 50s ribosome, preventing peptide bond formation and translocation.

Antibiotics are often used in clinical in vitro tests known as antimicrobial susceptibility tests or ASTs to determine their efficacy against certain bacterial species. They are tested against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria using panels, discs, and MIC strips by medical microbiologists. ASTs decrease the risk of using an antibiotic against bacteria exhibiting resistance to it, and the results are used in clinical settings to determine which antibiotic(s) to prescribe for various infections.

Azlocillin is an extended-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic derived from ampicillin. It is useful against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, H. influenzae, and a variety of other gram-negative species. It has also been used to develop antibiotic counting techniques. Azlocillin sodium is freely soluble in aqueous solution.

Aztreonam is a monobactam β-lactam antibiotic whose structure contains only a single ring. Its unique ring structure makes it resistant to β-lactamases. Aztreonam is effective against gram-negative bacteria and is an economical antibiotic commonly used in plant tissue culture applications and against P. aeruginosa.

Aztreonam solubilized is blend of aztreonam and 42-45% L-Arginine, making the product freely soluble in water. Aztreonam is a monobactam β-lactam antibiotic whose structure contains only a single ring. Its unique ring structure makes it resistant to β-lactamases. Aztreonam is effective against gram-negative bacteria and is an economical antibiotic commonly used in plant tissue culture applications and against P. aeruginosa.

GoldBio BSA is a highly purified, lyophilized albumin, suitable for Westerns, enzyme systems, protein standards, hybridizations and as a protease-sensitive immunoassays. Reagent Grade, Fatty Acid Free BSA is ideally suited for fatty acid sensitive cell culture systems as well as for the most sensitive diagnostic and research applications.Our BSA is protease and certified TSE free, manufactured in the United States in a closed loop system from USDA-inspected, healthy animals located in the US.